As the Aryans pressed steadily southward along the Indus Valley, their culture replaced that of the Harap-pans. It was nonurban, based on the herding of cattle its religion was dominated by male deities and sacrificial ritual and its society was organized into a hierarchy of classes (castes), with the Aryans at the top and local non-Aryan peoples at the lowest levels.
This was quite different from urban Harappan culture. The earliest of these nomadic tribes settled in the Punjab, where the outlines of Hindu Vedic religion and society emerged. From around 1700 bc onward, successive waves of Aryan invaders entered the Indian subcontinent from the northwest. The Harappans left an archeological record of contemporary life in Sind, but we know less of the centuries following their decline. Usually identified with Dravidian peoples, this sophisticated urban culture matched the achievements of Mesopotamia and ancient Egypt. It was along this river that the Harappan (or Indus Valley) civilization developed during the 3rd millennium bc. The Indus is central to the history of the Sindhis. Modern Sindhis are descendants of the many peoples who have settled in the area from earliest times. Both the terms Sindhi and Sind are derived from "Sindhu," the ancient name of the Indus. Sindhis are inhabitants of Sind (or Sindh), the region of arid plains and deserts located along the lower course of the Indus River as it flows on its journey from the Himalayas to the Arabian Sea. RELIGION : Islam (majority Sunnī Muslim) INTRODUCTION
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